Kuchaja Pile Indasitiri Zvakaitika Kuputika Kukura: Policy, Tekinoroji uye Musika Kutyaira Mikana Mitsva

Indasitiri Mamiriro: Kukwidziridza muChikero uye Chimiro

Zvinoenderana nehuwandu hwazvino kubva kuChina Electric Vehicle Chaja Infrastructure Promotion Alliance (EVCIPA), pakupera kwa2023, huwandu hwese hwekuchaja mirwi muChina hwakanga hwapfuura.9 mamiriyoni, ine mirwi yekuchaja yeruzhinji inosvika makumi matatu neshanu muzana uye mirwi yekuchaja yakavanzika inoita 65%. Huwandu hwemapiru ekuchaja achangoiswa muna 2023 akawedzera neinopfuura 65% gore-pa-gore, zvichiratidza kukura kwakasimba kweindasitiri.

Nenzvimbo, kubhadharisa kuvaka zvivakwa kwakawedzera zvishoma nezvishoma kubva kumaguta ekutanga seBeijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, neShenzhen kuenda kumaguta echipiri-nechitatu-tier uye kunyange misika yedunhu. Matunhu akasimukira akaita seGuangdong, Jiangsu, neZhejiang anotungamira nyika mukuchaja mirwi, ukuwo matunhu epakati nekumadokero ari kumhanyisa kutumirwa kwavo. Pamusoro pezvo, chikamu chemirwi yekuchaja nekukurumidza chakakwira zvakanyanya, neane simba-ane simba ekuchaja mirwi (120kW uye pamusoro) achiwedzera kubva pa20% muna 2021 kusvika 45% muna 2023, zvichidzikamisa kushushikana kwevashandisi.

Kutsigira Kwemitemo: Yepamusoro-Level Dhizaini Inomhanyisa Kukura Kweindasitiri

Iko kukurumidza kusimudzira kweindasitiri yekuchaja mirwi inotsigirwa zvakasimba nemitemo yenyika. Muna 2023, General Hofisi yeHurumende Council yakapa iyoNhungamiro dzeKuwedzera Kuvaka Yepamusoro-Yepamusoro Kuchaja Infrastructure System, kuisa chinangwa chakajeka chekuzadzisa amota-kune-murwi chiyero che2: 1 panosvika 2025uye nekuona kuvharwa kuzere kwenzvimbo dzekuchaja munzvimbo dzesevhisi dzemigwagwa mikuru.

Hurumende dzenharaunda dzakapindurawo zvine mutsindo nematanho anotsigira:

• Beijinginopa rubatsiro runosvika makumi matatu muzana rwekuvaka zvivakwa zvekuchaja uye inokurudzira mabhizinesi nemasangano kuti vagovane mirwi yavo yekuchaja yemukati.
• Guangdong Provinceinoronga kuisa mirwi mitsva yekuchaja inodarika miriyoni imwe panguva yeChirongwa cheMakore mashanu, tichitarisa kuvandudza machaji emumaguta nemaruwa.
• Sichuan Provinceyakatanga chirongwa che "Charging Piles to the Countryside" chirongwa chekusimudzira kubhadharisa zvivakwa munzvimbo dzekumaruwa. Uyezve, National Development and Reform Commission yakabatanidza kubhadharisa mirwi murunyorwa rwayo rwezvirongwa "zvitsva zvezvivakwa" zvakakosha, nemari yeindasitiri inotarisirwa kudarika.120 bhiriyoni yuanmumakore matatu anotevera, zvichipinza simba rakasimba muchikamu.
  

  Tekinoroji Innovation: Smart uye Green Solutions Inotungamira Ramangwana

  1. Kubudirira muUltra-Fast Kuchaja Technology
     Makambani anotungamira akadai seCATL neHuawei akaunza600kW mvura-yakatonhodzwa Ultra-inokurumidza kuchaja mirwi, ichigonesa "5-maminetsi kuchaja kwe300 km yerenji." Tesla's V4 Supercharger zviteshi zvakaiswawo mumaguta akawanda eChinese, zvichienderera mberi nekuvandudza kuchaja.
  2. Yakabatanidzwa Solar-Storage-Charging Models
     Makambani akaita seBYD neTeld ari kuongorora zvigadziriso zvekuchaja zvakasvibirira zvinosanganisa simba rezuva, kuchengetedza kwesimba, uye kuchaja, zvichideredza zvakanyanya kuburitsa kabhoni. Semuenzaniso, chiteshi chekuratidzira muShenzhen chinogona kuderedza kuburitswa kwekabhoni pagore nematani zana nemakumi mashanu.
  3. Smart Kuchaja uye V2G Technology
     AI-powered yekuchaja mutoro manejimendi masisitimu ane dynamically optimize kuchaja simba kudzivirira grid kuwandisa. Vagadziri vemotokari vakaita seNIO uye XPeng vakaunza tekinoroji yeVehicle-to-Grid (V2G), ichibvumira maEVs kuendesa magetsi kugedhi panguva yekusaita nguva, kuvandudza kushanda kwesimba.

     Matambudziko eIndasitiri: Profitability uye Mamiriro ezvinhu

     Zvisinei netarisiro yayo, indasitiri yekuchaja mirwi ichiri kutarisana nematambudziko akati wandei:

     1. Profitability Nyaya: Kunze kwezviitiko zvekushandisa zvakanyanya, mirwi yakawanda yekuchaja veruzhinji inotambura nemitengo yakaderera yekushandiswa, zvichisiya vashandisi vachinetsekana kuwana pundutso.
     2. Kushaya Standardization: Zvisingaenderane zvekuchaja nzvimbo, maprotocol ekutaurirana, uye masisitimu ekubhadhara zvinogadzira yakakamurwa ruzivo rwemushandisi.
     3. Grid Pressure: Iko kushandiswa kwakanyanya kwema-high-power kuchaja mirwi kunogona kunetsa magidhi emagetsi emunharaunda, zvinoda kuvandudzwa kune zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi.

     Kugadzirisa nyaya idzi, nyanzvi dzeindasitiri dzinokurudzira kutora"Kuvaka kwakabatana uye kushanda" modhi, maitiro emitengo anochinja, uye matekinoroji emagetsi ekudyara kuti agone kushanda zvakanaka uye kuwedzera ruzivo rwemushandisi.

     Ramangwana Maonero: Globalization uye Ecosystem Development

     Makambani eChinese ekuchaja mirwi ari kusimudzira kukura kwawo kwepasirese. Muna 2023, makambani akadai seStar Charge neWanbang New Energy akaona maodha ekunze muEurope neSoutheast Asia achikura neinopfuura 150% gore negore. Zvichakadaro, Huawei Digital Power's ekupedzisira-inokurumidza kuchaja network mapurojekiti kuMiddle East anoratidza kukura kwepasirese pesvedzero yeChinese tekinoroji.

     Mumba, iyo yekuchaja mirwi indasitiri iri kusimukira kubva kune yakapusa simba rekupa nzvimbo ichipinda mune yakakosha node mune yakangwara simba ecosystem. Nekukura kwetekinoroji seV2G uye simba rakagovaniswa, mirwi yekuchaja ichava chinhu chakakosha cheramangwana smart grids.