Motokari dzemagetsi zvino dzawanda mumigwagwa yedu, uye zvivakwa zvekuchaja zviri kuvakwa pasi rose kuti zvivashandise. Zvakafanana nemagetsi pachiteshi chepeturu, uye munguva pfupi, anenge asvika kwese kwese.
Zvisinei, inomutsa mubvunzo unonakidza.Mapombi emhepo anongodira mvura mumakomba uye akave akafananidzwa zvakanyanya kwenguva yakareba.Hazvisizvo munyika yemajaja eEV, saka ngaticherechedzei mamiriro azvino emutambo.
Tekinoroji yemotokari yemagetsi yakakurumidza kuvandudzwa kubva payakave yakakurumbira mumakore gumi apfuura kana zvakadaro.Sezvo mota zhinji dzemagetsi dzichine huwandu hushoma, vagadziri vemotokari vakagadzira mota dzekuchaja nekukurumidza mumakore apfuura kuti vavandudze maitiro.Izvi zvinowanikwa kuburikidza nekuvandudzwa kwebhatiri, controller hardware uye software.Kuchaja tekinoroji yakakwira kusvika padanho rekuti mota dzemagetsi dzichangoburwa dzinogona kuwedzera mazana emakiromita maminetsi chete.
Zvisinei, kutengesa motokari yemagetsi panguva iyi kunoda magetsi akawanda.Nekuda kweizvozvo, vagadziri vemotokari uye mapoka emabhizimisi vave vachishanda kuti vagadzirise mitemo mitsva yekuchaja kuti ibudise yakakwira ikozvino kune yepamusoro-ye-iyo-mutsara mabhatiri emotokari nokukurumidza sezvinobvira.
Segwara, yakajairika imba yekubuda muUS inogona kuendesa 1.8 kW. Zvinotora maawa makumi mana nemasere kana kupfuura kuchaja mota yemagetsi yemazuva ano kubva kune yakadai imba.
Kusiyana neizvi, zviteshi zvemazuva ano zveEV zvekuchaja zvinogona kutakura chero chinhu kubva ku2 kW kusvika ku350 kW mune dzimwe nguva, uye zvinoda zvibatanidza zvakanyanya kuti zvidaro.Mitemo yakasiyana-siyana yakabuda mumakore akawanda sezvo automakers inotarisa kuisa simba rakawanda mumotokari nekukurumidza.
Iyo SAE J1772 yakajairwa yakabudiswa muna June 2001 uye inozivikanwawo seJ Plug. Iyo 5-pini yekubatanidza inotsigira imwe-phase AC kuchaja pa1.44 kW kana yakabatana neyakajairwa imba yekubuda kwemagetsi, iyo inogona kukwidziridzwa kusvika ku19.2 kW kana yakaiswa pa-high-speed yemagetsi mota yekuchaja masaini maviri emagetsi emagetsi emagetsi emagetsi maviri emagetsi emagetsi. pane dzimwe waya mbiri, uye yechishanu ndeye inodzivirira pasi kubatana.
Mushure me2006, iyo J Plug yakave inosungirwa kune ese emagetsi mota dzakatengeswa muCalifornia uye yakakurumidza kuve yakakurumbira muUS neJapan, nekupinda mune mamwe misika yepasirese.
The Type 2 connector, inozivikanwawo nemusiki wayo, mugadziri weGermany Mennekes, yakatanga kurongedzerwa muna 2009 sechitsividzo cheEU SAE J1772.Chinhu chayo chikuru ndeche 7-pin connector design iyo inogona kutakura kana imwe-phase kana matatu-phase AC simba, ichibvumira kubhadharisa motokari kusvika 43 kW. J1772, inewo mapini maviri e-pre-insertion uye post-insertion signals.Izvo zvino ine nyika inodzivirira, isina kwayakarerekera uye matatu conductors yezvikamu zvitatu zve AC.
Muna 2013, European Union yakasarudza Type 2 plugs seyero itsva yekutsiva J1772 uye inozvininipisa EV Plug Alliance Type 3A uye 3C zvibatanidza zve AC kuchaja zvikumbiro.Kubva ipapo, chibatanidza chave chichigamuchirwa zvakanyanya mumusika weEurope uye chinowanikwawo mumotokari dzakawanda dzemisika dzepasi rose.
CCS inomirira Combined Charging System uye inoshandisa "combo" connector kubvumira zvose DC uye AC kuchaja. Yakabudiswa muna Gumiguru 2011, chiyero chakagadzirirwa kubvumira kushandiswa nyore nyore kwepamusoro-speed DC kuchaja mumotokari itsva.Izvi zvinogona kuwanikwa nekuwedzera pair of DC conductors kune iripo AC connector type.Kune maviri makuru eCombo2 kubatanidza mafomu eCombo2.
Combo 1 ine Type 1 J1772 AC connector uye maviri makuru eDC conductors. Nokudaro, motokari ine CCS Combo 1 connector inogona kubatanidzwa neJ1772 charger ye AC kuchaja, kana kuCombo 1 connector ye high-speed DC kuchaja.Iyi yakagadzirwa inokodzera motokari mumusika weU.S.
Combo 2 connectors inoratidzira Mennekes connector yakabatanidzwa kune maviri makuru eDC conductors.Kumusika weEurope, izvi zvinobvumira motokari dzine Combo 2 sockets kuti dzibhadharwe pane imwe chete kana matatu phase AC kuburikidza neType 2 connector, kana DC inokurumidza kuchaja nekubatanidza kuCombo 2 connector.
CCS inobvumira AC kubhadharisa kuhutano hweJ1772 kana Mennekes sub-connector yakavakirwa mukati mekugadzira.Zvisinei, kana yakashandiswa kuDC inokurumidza kubhadharisa, inobvumira mheni kukurumidza kutengesa mitengo inosvika ku350 kW.
Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti DC fast charger ine Combo 2 connector inobvisa AC phase connection uye neutral mune connector sezvavanenge vasingadiwi.Combo 1 connector inovasiya panzvimbo, kunyange zvazvo isingashandisi.Zvirongwa zvose zvinovimba nemapini akafanana anoshandiswa ne AC connector kuti ataure pakati pemotokari nejaja.
Seimwe yemakambani ekupayona munzvimbo yemotokari yemagetsi, Tesla akatanga kugadzira zvigadziriso zvayo zvekuchaja kuti zvizadzise zvinodiwa nemotokari dzayo.Izvi zvakatangwa sechikamu cheTesla's Supercharger network, iyo inotarisira kuvaka network inokurumidza kubhadharisa kutsigira motokari dzekambani dzisina zvishoma kune zvimwe zvivakwa.
Kunyange iyo kambani ichishongedza mota dzayo neType 2 kana CCS yekubatanidza muEurope, muUS, Tesla inoshandisa yayo yekuchaja port standard.Inogona kutsigira ese AC imwe-chikamu uye matatu-chikamu kuchaja, pamwe nekumhanya-kumhanya DC kuchaja paTesla Supercharger zviteshi.
Tesla's original Supercharger stations yakapa kusvika ku150 kilowatts pamotokari, asi gare gare-yakaderera-masimba emhando dzenzvimbo dzemadhorobha dzaive nemuganhu wakaderera we72 kilowatts.Majaja ekupedzisira ekambani anogona kuendesa kusvika ku250 kW yemagetsi kumotokari dzakashongedzerwa zvakakodzera.
Iyo GB/T 20234.3 yakajairwa yakapihwa neStandalization Administration yekuChina uye inovhara zvibatanidza zvinokwanisa panguva imwe chete imwe-chikamu AC uye DC ichikurumidza kuchaja.Hazvizivikanwi kunze kwemusika weEV wakasarudzika weChina, yakatemerwa kushanda inosvika 1,000 volts DC uye 250 amps uye kuchaja pakumhanya kunosvika 250 kilowatts.
Haufanire kuwana chiteshi ichi pamotokari isina kugadzirwa kuChina, yakagadzirirwa musika weChina wega kana nyika dzavanodyidzana nadzo.
Zvichida iyo inonyanya kunakidza dhizaini yechiteshi ichi ndeye A + uye A- pini. Izvo zvakarongerwa kune voltages kusvika ku30 V uye mafungu kusvika ku20 A. Iwo anotsanangurwa muyero se "low-voltage anobatsira simba remagetsi emagetsi anopiwa ne-off-board charger".
Hazvisi pachena kubva mushanduro kuti basa ravo nderei, asi vanogona kunge vakagadzirirwa kubatsira kutanga motokari yemagetsi nebheteri yakafa zvachose.Kana zvose EV's traction bhatiri uye 12V bhatiri zvapera, zvinogona kuva zvakaoma kubhadharisa motokari nokuti magetsi emotokari haakwanisi kumutsa uye kutaurirana nejaja.Vabatiki havagoniwo kusimbiswa kuti vabatanidze mavhiri maviri akakwana kuti ape zvikamu zviviri zvakakwana zvemotokari. simba rekushandisa magetsi ekutanga emotokari uye simba macontactors kuitira kuti bhatiri huru yekufambisa inogona kubhadharwa kunyange kana motokari yakafa zvachose.Kana iwe uchiziva zvakawanda pamusoro peizvi, inzwa wakasununguka kutitaurira mumashoko.
CHAdeMO inyanzvi yekubatanidza yeEVs, inonyanya kushandiswa kwekutsvaga kushandiswa kwekukurumidza.Inogona kuendesa kusvika ku62.5 kW kuburikidza nekubatanidza kwayo yakasiyana-siyana.Ichi ndicho chiyero chekutanga chakagadzirirwa kupa DC kukurumidza kuchaja motokari dzemagetsi (pasinei nemugadziri) uye ine CAN mapini ebhasi yekukurukurirana pakati pemotokari nejaja.
Muyero wacho wakarongwa kuti ushandiswe pasi rose muna 2010 nerutsigiro rwevaJapan automakers.Zvisinei, chiyero chakanyatsobatwa muJapan, neEurope inonamatira neType 2 uye US inoshandisa J1772 uye Tesla's own connectors.Pane imwe nguva, EU yakafunga kumanikidzira chikamu-chekubuda kweCHAdeMO majaja, asi pakupedzisira yakasarudza kuti inoda "2 majekiti ekuchaja 2".
A backward-compatible upgrade yakaziviswa muna May 2018, izvo zvichabvumira CHAdeMO majaja kuti ape kusvika ku400 kW yesimba, achipfuura kunyange CCS connectors mumunda.Vatsigiri veCHAdeMO vanoona kukosha kwayo sechinhu chimwe chete chepasi pose pane kusiyana pakati peU.
Iyo CHAdeMo 3.0 yakajairwa yave mukuvandudzwa kubva 2018.Inonzi ChaoJi uye ine 7-pini yekubatanidza dhizaini yakagadzirwa nekubatana neChina Standardization Administration.Inotarisira kuwedzera mutengo wekuchaja kusvika ku900 kW, kushanda pa1.5 kV, uye kuendesa iyo yakazara 600 amps kuburikidza nekushandiswa kwetambo dzakanyoroveswa mvura.
Sezvaunoverenga izvi, unogona kukanganwirwa nekufunga kuti pasinei nokuti uri kutyaira EV yako itsva, pane zvakawanda zvakasiyana-siyana zvekuchajisa zvakagadzirira kukupa musoro. Sezvineiwo, handizvo. Nzvimbo zhinji dzinonetsa kutsigira mwero wekuchaja imwe chete asi usingabatanidzi mamwe akawanda, zvichikonzera kuti mota zhinji nemachaja munzvimbo yakapihwa, kunze kweiyo US inoenderana. yako yakatsaurwa yekuchaja network.
Kunyange zvazvo kune vamwe vanhu vanoshandisa tsvina yakaipa panzvimbo isina kunaka panguva isina kunaka, vanogona kazhinji kushandisa imwe mhando yeadapta pavanenge vachida.Kuenda mberi, maEV akawanda matsva achanamatira kune rudzi rwemajaja akaiswa munzvimbo dzavo dzekutengesa, zvichiita kuti hupenyu huve nyore kune wese.
Iye zvino chiyero chekuchaja chepasirese ndeye USB-C
.Zvese zvinofanira kuchajiswa uchishandisa USB-C, hapana anosiya.Ndinofungidzira plug ye100KW EV, inongove seti ye1000 USB C majoini akadzvanyirirwa mupuragi rinomhanya rakafanana.Nemidziyo yakakodzera, unogona kuchengeta huremu huri pasi pe50kg (110 lb) kuti ushandise zviri nyore.
MaPHEV mazhinji uye mota dzemagetsi dzine simba rekukwevera rinosvika 1000 pounds, saka unogona kushandisa turera kutakura mutsara wako wemaadapter uye converters.Peavey Mart iri kutengesawo gennys svondo rino kana paine mazana mashoma eGVWR asara.
MuEurope, ongororo yeType 1 (SAE J1772) uye CHAdeMO inoregeredza zvachose chokwadi chekuti Nissan LEAF neMitsubishi Outlander PHEV, mbiri dzemotokari dzemagetsi dzinotengeswa zvakanyanya, dzakashongedzerwa nezvibatanidza izvi.
Aya ma-connector anoshandiswa zvakanyanya uye haasi kuenda.Kunyange Type 1 neType 2 dzichienderana padanho rechiratidzo (kubvumira Type 2 inobviswa kune Type 1 tambo), CHAdeMO neCCS hazvisi.LEAF haina nzira yekuchaja kubva kuCCS.
Kana iyo fast charger isisiri CHAdeMO inokwanisa, ndinganyatsofunga kudzokera kumota yeICE rwendo rurefu uye kuchengeta LEAF yangu kuti ishandiswe munharaunda chete.
Ndine Outlander PHEV.Ndakashandisa DC fast charge feature nguva shoma, kungoiedza kana ndine mari yemahara.Chokwadi, inogona kuchaja bhatiri kusvika 80% mumaminitsi makumi maviri, asi izvozvo zvinofanira kukupa EV yakasiyana-siyana yemakiromita makumi maviri.
Ma charger mazhinji eDC ane mwero wakapfava, saka unogona kubhadhara kanenge ka100 mari yako yemagetsi enguva dzose kwemakiromita makumi maviri, inova yakawanda zvikuru kupfuura kana wanga uchityaira nepeturu uri wega.Chaja yeminiti yega yega hainawo nani, sezvo ichingokwana 22 kW.
Ini ndinoda yangu Outlander nekuti iyo EV modhi inovhara kufamba kwangu kwese, asi iyo DC inokurumidza kuchaja chinhu chinobatsira sechirume chechitatu chemurume.
Iyo CHAdeMO yekubatanidza inofanirwa kuramba yakafanana pamashizha ese (shizha?), Asi usazvinetse neOutlanders.
Tesla inotengesawo maadapters anobvumira Tesla kushandisa J1772 (zvechokwadi) uye CHAdeMO (zvinotoshamisa). Vakazoregedza CHAdeMO adapter ndokuunza CCS adapta ... asi kune mamwe mota chete, mune mamwe misika. Iyo adapta inodiwa kubhadharisa US Teslas kubva kuCCS Type 1 charger ine applarger chete muKorea uye proprietary yeTela chete! inoshanda pamotokari dzichangoburwa.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=584HfILW38Q
American Power uye kunyange Nissan vakati vari phasing out Chademo kufarira CCS.The Nissan Arya itsva ichava CCS, uye Leaf achakurumidza kurega kugadzirwa.
Dutch EV nyanzvi Muxsan auya neCCS yekuwedzera yeNissan LEAF kutsiva AC port.Izvi zvinobvumira Type 2 AC uye CCS2 DC kuchaja uchichengetedza CHAdeMo port.
Ndinoziva 123, 386 ne356 ndisingatarise. Zvakanaka, chokwadi, ndakasanganisa maviri ekupedzisira, saka ndoda kutarisa.
Ehe, zvakatonyanya kana iwe uchifungidzira kuti yakabatana muchirevo…
CCS2 / Type 2 connector yakapinda muU.S. seJ3068 standard.Iyo inotarisirwa kushandiswa ndeyemotokari dzinorema, sezvo simba re3-phase rinopa zvakanyanya kukurumidza kukurumidza.J3068 inotsanangura mhepo yakakwirira kupfuura Type2, sezvo inogona kusvika ku600V phase-to-phase.DC kubhadharisa kwakafanana neCCS2.Voltages inodarika masaini e2VSE kuitira kuti motokari inodarika uye ikozvino inodarika masaini e2VSE uye ikozvino motokari inodarika masaini e2VSE uye ikozvino. sarudza kugarisana.Pazvinokwanisika zve160A, J3068 inogona kusvika 166kW ye AC simba.
"MuUS, Tesla inoshandisa yayo yekuchaja port standard. Inogona kutsigira zvese AC imwe-chikamu uye matatu-chikamu kuchaja"
Ingori chikamu chimwe chete.Inonyanya kuve J1772 plug-in mune imwe dhizaini ine yakawedzera DC mashandiro.
J1772 (CCS type 1) inogona chaizvo kutsigira DC, asi handisati ndamboona chero chinhu chinorishandisa.Iyo "mbeu" j1772 protocol ine kukosha kwe "Digital Mode Inodiwa" uye "Type 1 DC" zvinoreva DC paL1 / L2 pini. "Type 2 DC" inoda mapini akawedzerwa kune combo connector.
US Tesla connectors haitsigire matatu-phase AC. Vanyori vanovhiringidza US uye European connectors, iyo yekupedzisira (inozivikanwawo seCCS Type 2) inoita.
On a related topic: Ko mota dzemagetsi dzinotenderwa kurova mugwagwa dzisingabhadhare mutero wemugwagwa?Kana zvakadaro, sei?Tichingofunga (zvisingabvumike zvachose) utopia yezvemamiriro ekunze apo inodarika 90% yemota dzese dzine magetsi, mutero wekuti mugwagwa uenderere mberi uchabva kupi?Unogona kuwedzera izvozvo kumutengo wekuchajisa veruzhinji, asi vanhu vanogonawo kushandisa solargridi kudzimba,' solargridi kana kunyange solar jenareta (hapana mutero wemugwagwa).
Zvese zvinoenderana nekutonga.Dzimwe nzvimbo dzinochaja mutero wemafuta chete.Dzimwe dzinobhadharisa mari yekunyoresa mota semafuta ekufambisa.
Pane imwe nguva, dzimwe nzira idzo mari idzi dzinodzorerwa dzinoda kuchinja.Ndinoda kuona hurongwa hwakanaka apo mubhadharo unobva pane mileage uye uremu hwemotokari sezvo iyo inotarisa kuti yakawanda sei kupfeka uye kubvarura kwaunoisa mumugwagwa.Mutero wekabhoni pamafuta ungave wakanyatsokodzera nzvimbo yekutamba.
Nguva yekutumira: Jun-21-2022
