Motokari dzemagetsi zvino dzawanda mumigwagwa yedu, uye zvivakwa zvekuchaja zviri kuvakwa pasi rose kuti zvivashandise. Zvakafanana nemagetsi pachiteshi chepeturu, uye munguva pfupi, anenge asvika kwese kwese.
Zvisinei, inomutsa mubvunzo unonakidza.Mapombi emhepo anongodira mvura mumakomba uye akave akafananidzwa zvakanyanya kwenguva yakareba.Hazvisizvo munyika yemajaja eEV, saka ngaticherechedzei mamiriro azvino emutambo.
Tekinoroji yemotokari yemagetsi yakakurumidza kuvandudzwa kubva payakave yakakurumbira mumakore gumi apfuura kana zvakadaro.Sezvo mota zhinji dzemagetsi dzichine huwandu hushoma, vagadziri vemotokari vakagadzira mota dzekuchaja nekukurumidza mumakore apfuura kuti vavandudze kuita.Izvi zvinowanikwa kuburikidza nekuvandudzwa kwebhatiri, controller. hardware nesoftware.Tekinoroji yekuchaja yafambira mberi zvekuti mota dzemagetsi dzichangoburwa dzinogona kuwedzera mazana emamaira epakati mumaminitsi makumi maviri chete.
Zvisinei, kutengesa motokari yemagetsi panguva iyi kunoda magetsi akawanda.Nekuda kweizvozvo, vagadziri vemotokari uye mapoka emabhizimisi vave vachishanda kuti vagadzirise mitemo mitsva yekuchaja kuti ibudise yakakwira ikozvino kune yepamusoro-ye-iyo-mutsara mabhatiri emotokari nokukurumidza sezvinobvira.
Segwara, yakajairika imba yekubuda muUS inogona kuendesa 1.8 kW. Zvinotora maawa makumi mana nemasere kana kupfuura kuchaja mota yemagetsi yemazuva ano kubva kune yakadai imba.
Kusiyana neizvi, zviteshi zvemazuva ano zveEV zvekuchaja zvinogona kutakura chero chinhu kubva pa2 kW kusvika ku350 kW mune dzimwe nguva, uye zvinoda majoinisi ane hunyanzvi kuti aite kudaro.Mitemo yakasiyana-siyana yakabuda nekufamba kwemakore sezvo automakers inotarisa kuisa simba rakawanda mumotokari nekukurumidza. tarisa pane zvinonyanya kusarudzwa nhasi.
Iyo SAE J1772 yakajairwa yakabudiswa muna Chikumi 2001 uye inozivikanwa zvakare seJ Plug. Iyo 5-pini yekubatanidza inotsigira imwe-chikamu AC kuchaja pa1.44 kW kana yakabatana neyakajairwa imba yekubuda magetsi, inogona kukwidziridzwa kusvika 19.2 kW kana yaiswa. pachiteshi chemotokari chemagetsi chepamusoro-soro.Ichi chibatanidza chinotumira simba rimwechete-phase AC pamatare maviri, zviratidzo pane dzimwe tambo mbiri, uye yechishanu ndeyekudzivirira kwepasi.
Mushure me2006, iyo J Plug yakave inosungirwa kune ese emagetsi mota dzakatengeswa muCalifornia uye yakakurumidza kuve yakakurumbira muUS neJapan, nekupinda mune mamwe misika yepasirese.
The Type 2 connector, inozivikanwawo nemusiki wayo, mugadziri weGerman Mennekes, yakatanga kutaurwa muna 2009 sechinotsiva EU's SAE J1772.Chikuru chayo i7-pini yekubatanidza dhizaini inogona kutakura chikamu chimwe chete kana nhatu-chikamu. Simba re AC, richibvumira kuti ribhadhare motokari kusvika ku43 kW. Mukuita, akawanda Type 2 majaja anokwira kunze pa 22 kW kana pasi.Kufanana neJ1772, inewo mapini maviri ekutanga-kupinza uye post-insertion zviratidzo. ine pasi rinodzivirira, isina kwayakarerekera uye matatu conductor ezvikamu zvitatu zve AC.
Muna 2013, European Union yakasarudza Type 2 plugs seyero nyowani yekutsiva J1772 uye inozvininipisa EV Plug Alliance Type 3A uye 3C majoini eAC kuchaja application. mumotokari zhinji dzemusika wepasi rose.
CCS inomirira Combined Charging System uye inoshandisa "combo" connector kubvumira zvose DC uye AC kuchaja. Yakabudiswa muna Gumiguru 2011, chiyero chakagadzirirwa kubvumira kushandiswa kwepamusoro-kumhanya DC kuchaja mumotokari itsva. Izvi zvinogona kuwanikwa nekuwedzera pair of DC conductors kune iripo AC connector type.Kune mafomu maviri makuru eCCS, Combo 1 connector uye Combo 2 connector.
Combo 1 ine Type 1 J1772 AC connector uye maviri makuru DC conductors. Naizvozvo, motokari ine CCS Combo 1 connector inogona kubatanidzwa neJ1772 charger ye AC kuchaja, kana kuCombo 1 connector ye high-speed DC ichaja. .Ichi chigadziro chakakodzera kumotokari mumusika weUnited States, uko maJ1772 connectors ave akajairika.
Combo 2 connectors inoratidzira Mennekes connector yakabatana nemaconductors maviri makuru eDC.Kumusika weEurope, izvi zvinobvumira motokari dzine Combo 2 sockets kuti dzichajirwe pane imwe chete kana matatu phase AC kuburikidza neType 2 connector, kana DC inokurumidza kuchaja nekubatanidza kuCombo. 2 chibatanidza.
CCS inobvumira AC kubhadharisa kuhutano hweJ1772 kana Mennekes sub-connector yakavakirwa mukati mekugadzira.Zvisinei, kana yakashandiswa kuDC inokurumidza kubhadharisa, inobvumira mheni kukurumidza kutengesa mitengo inosvika ku350 kW.
Zvakakosha kuziva kuti DC inokurumidza charger ine Combo 2 connector inobvisa AC phase connection uye neutral mune connector sezvo isingadiwi.Combo 1 connector inovasiya panzvimbo, kunyange isingashandisi. mapini echiratidzo anoshandiswa neAC connector kutaurirana pakati pemotokari nechaja.
Seimwe yemakambani ekupayona munzvimbo yemotokari yemagetsi, Tesla akatanga kugadzira zvigadziriso zvayo zvekuchaja kuti zvizadzise zvinodiwa nemotokari dzayo. motokari dzekambani dzisina zvishoma kune zvimwe zvivakwa.
Ipo kambani ichishongedza mota dzayo neType 2 kana CCS yekubatanidza muEurope, kuUS, Tesla inoshandisa yayo yekuchaja port standard.Inokwanisa kutsigira ese AC single-phase uye matatu-phase kuchaja, pamwe nekumhanyisa DC kuchaja pa. Tesla Supercharger zviteshi.
Tesla's original Supercharger stations yakapa kusvika ku150 kilowatts pamotokari, asi gare gare-yakaderera-masimba emhando dzenzvimbo dzemadhorobha dzaive nemuganhu wakaderera we72 kilowatts.Majaja ekupedzisira ekambani anogona kuendesa kusvika ku250 kW yemagetsi kumotokari dzakashongedzerwa zvakakodzera.
Iyo GB/T 20234.3 yakajairwa yakapihwa neStandalization Administration yeChina uye inovhara zvibatanidza zvinokwanisa panguva imwe chete imwe-chikamu AC uye DC ichikurumidza kuchaja.Hazvizivikanwi kunze kwemusika weEV wakasarudzika weChina, yakatemerwa kushanda inosvika chiuru chevolts DC uye. 250 amps uye kuchaja nekumhanya kunosvika 250 kilowatts.
Haufanire kuwana chiteshi ichi pamotokari isina kugadzirwa kuChina, yakagadzirirwa musika weChina wega kana nyika dzainodyidzana nadzo.
Zvichida iyo inonakidza dhizaini yechiteshi ichi ndeye A + uye A- pini. Iwo akatemerwa kune voltages anosvika 30 V uye mafungu kusvika ku20 A. Iwo anotsanangurwa muchiyero se "low-voltage ebetsero simba remagetsi mota dzinopihwa ne off-board charger”.
Hazvisi pachena kubva mushanduro kuti basa ravo nderei, asi vanogona kunge vakagadzirirwa kubatsira kutanga motokari yemagetsi ine bhatiri rakafa zvachose.Kana zvose EV's traction battery uye 12V battery zvapera, zvinogona kuva zvakaoma kubhadharisa motokari nokuti. magetsi emotokari haakwanisi kumuka uye kutaurirana nechaja. Iwo macontactor zvakare haagone kupihwa simba rekubatanidza traction unit kune akasiyana subsystems emota. Mapini maviri aya anogona kunge akagadzirwa kuti ape simba rakakwana rekumhanyisa mota yekutanga magetsi uye simba contactors kuitira kuti iyo huru traction bhatiri inogona kubhadharwa kunyange kana motokari yakafa zvachose.Kana iwe uchiziva zvakawanda pamusoro peizvi, inzwa wakasununguka kutizivisa mumashoko.
CHAdeMO ndiyo yekubatanidza chiyero cheEVs, kunyanya yekukurumidza kuchaja zvikumbiro.Inokwanisa kuendesa kusvika ku62.5 kW kuburikidza nekubatanidza kwayo kwakasiyana.Iyi ndiyo yekutanga chiyero chakagadzirirwa kupa DC nekukurumidza kuchaja mota dzemagetsi (pasinei nemugadziri) uye ine CAN mapini ebhazi. yekukurukurirana pakati pemotokari nechaja.
Chiyero chacho chakarongwa kuti chishandiswe pasi rose muna 2010 nerutsigiro rwevaJapan automakers.Zvisinei, chiyero chakanyatsobatwa muJapan, neEurope inonamatira neType 2 uye US inoshandisa J1772 uye Tesla's own connectors.Pane imwe nguva, EU. ndakafunga kumanikidza chikamu chakazara chekubuda kweCHAdeMO majaja, asi pakupedzisira akafunga kuda kuti zviteshi zvekuchaja zvive ne "zvishoma" Type 2 kana Combo 2 yekubatanidza.
A backward-compatible upgrade yakaziviswa muna May 2018, izvo zvichabvumira CHAdeMO machaja kuendesa kusvika ku400 kW yesimba, kupfuura kunyange CCS connectors mumunda.Vatsigiri veCHAdeMO vanoona kukosha kwayo sechinhu chimwe chete chepasi pose pane kusiyana pakati peU. uye EU CCS zviyero.Zvisinei, yakatadza kuwana zvakawanda zvakatengwa kunze kwemusika weJapan.
Iyo CHAdeMo 3.0 yakajairwa yave mukuvandudzwa kubva 2018.Inonzi ChaoJi uye ine itsva 7-pini yekubatanidza dhizaini yakagadzirwa nekubatana neChina Standardization Administration.Inotarisira kuwedzera mutengo wekuchaja kusvika ku900 kW, kushanda pa1.5 kV, uye kuendesa. iyo yakazara 600 amps kuburikidza nekushandisa mvura-yakatonhorera tambo.
Sezvaunoverenga izvi, unogona kukanganwirwa nekufunga kuti pasinei nokuti uri kutyaira EV yako itsva, pane zvakawanda zvakasiyana-siyana zvekuchaja zvakagadzirira kukupa musoro.Nekutenda, handizvo.Masimba mazhinji anonetseka kutsigira mumwe muyero wekuchaja asi usingabatanidzi mamwe akawanda, zvichiita kuti mota zhinji nemachaja munzvimbo yakapihwa zvienderane.Chokwadi, Tesla yekuUS inosiyana, asi ivo vane yavo yakatsaurwa yekuchaja network.
Nepo kune vamwe vanhu vanoshandisa charger isiriyo munzvimbo isiriyo panguva isiriyo, vanogona kazhinji kushandisa imwe mhando yeadapter pavanenge vachiida.Kuenda mberi, maEV mazhinji matsva anonamatira kurudzi rwemajaja akaiswa munzvimbo dzawo dzekutengesa. , zvichiita kuti upenyu huve nyore kuvanhu vose.
Iye zvino chiyero chekuchaja chepasirese ndeye USB-C
.Zvese zvinofanirwa kuchajwa uchishandisa USB-C, hapana anosiya.Ndinofungidzira plug ye100KW EV, inongove seti ye1000 USB C majoini akadzvanyirirwa mupuragi rinomhanya rakafanana.Nemidziyo yakakodzera, unogona kuchengeta iyo huremu huri pasi pe50 kg (110 lb) kuitira nyore kushandisa.
MaPHEV mazhinji uye mota dzemagetsi dzine simba rekukwevera rinosvika 1000 pounds, saka unogona kushandisa turera kutakura mutsara wako wemaadapter uye converters.Peavey Mart iri kutengesawo gennys svondo rino kana paine mazana mashoma eGVWR asara.
MuEurope, ongororo yeType 1 (SAE J1772) uye CHAdeMO inoregeredza zvachose chokwadi chekuti Nissan LEAF neMitsubishi Outlander PHEV, mbiri dzemotokari dzemagetsi dzinotengeswa zvakanyanya, dzakagadzirirwa zvibatanidza izvi.
Aya maconnector anoshandiswa zvakanyanya uye haasi kuenda.Nepo Type 1 neType 2 dzichienderana padanho rechiratidzo (kubvumira Type 2 inobviswa kune Type 1 cable), CHAdeMO neCCS hazvisi.LEAF haina nzira yekuchaja kubva kuCCS. .
Kana iyo fast charger isisiri CHAdeMO inokwanisa, ndinganyatsofunga kudzokera kumota yeICE rwendo rurefu uye kuchengeta LEAF yangu kuti ishandiswe munharaunda chete.
Ndine Outlander PHEV.Ndakashandisa DC fast charge feature kakati wandei, kungoiedza kana ndine mari yemahara. Chokwadi, inogona kuchaja bhatiri kusvika 80% mumaminetsi makumi maviri, asi izvo zvinofanirwa kupa. iwe iEV renji inosvika makiromita makumi maviri.
Ma charger mazhinji eDC ane mwero wakapfava, saka unogona kubhadhara zvakapetwa ka100 mari yako yemagetsi enguva dzose kwemakiromita makumi maviri, inova yakawanda kudarika kana wanga uchityaira nepeturu uri wega.Chaja yeminiti yega yega hainawo nani. sezvo inogumira ku22 kW.
Ini ndinoda yangu Outlander nekuti iyo EV modhi inovhara kufamba kwangu kwese, asi iyo DC inokurumidza kuchaja chinhu chinobatsira sechirume chechitatu chemurume.
Iyo CHAdeMO yekubatanidza inofanirwa kuramba yakafanana pamashizha ese (shizha?), Asi usazvinetse neOutlanders.
Tesla inotengesawo ma adapter anobvumira Tesla kushandisa J1772 (zvechokwadi) uye CHAdeMO (zvimwe zvinoshamisa). Vakazopedzisira varega CHAdeMO adapta uye vakaunza CCS adapta ... asi kune dzimwe motokari, mune mamwe misika. Iyo adapta inoda kubhadharisa US Teslas kubva kuCCS Type 1 charger ine Tesla Supercharger socket sezviri pachena inotengeswa muKorea (!) uye inoshanda pamotokari dzichangoburwa.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=584HfILW38Q
American Power uye kunyange Nissan vakati vari phasing out Chademo kufarira CCS.The Nissan Arya itsva ichava CCS, uye Leaf achakurumidza kurega kugadzirwa.
Dutch EV nyanzvi Muxsan auya neCCS yekuwedzera yeNissan LEAF kutsiva AC port.Izvi zvinobvumira Type 2 AC uye CCS2 DC kuchaja uchichengetedza CHAdeMo port.
Ndinoziva 123, 386 ne356 ndisingatarise. Zvakanaka, chokwadi, ndakasanganisa maviri ekupedzisira, saka ndoda kutarisa.
Ehe, zvakatonyanya kana iwe uchifungidzira kuti yakabatana muchirevo…
CCS2 / Type 2 connector yakapinda muU.SA seJ3068 standard.Iyo inotarisirwa kushandiswa ndeyemotokari dzinorema, sezvo 3-phase simba rinopa zvakanyanya kukurumidza kukurumidza.J3068 inotsanangura mhepo yakakwirira kupfuura Type2, sezvo inogona kusvika 600V chikamu. -to-phase.DC kutengesa kwakafanana neCCS2.Voltages uye mitsipa inopfuura yeType2 mitemo inoda zviratidzo zvemadhijitari kuitira kuti motokari neEVSE ione kuenderana.Panguva inogona kuitika ye160A, J3068 inogona kusvika 166kW ye AC simba.
"MuUS, Tesla inoshandisa yayo yekuchaja port standard.Inogona kutsigira zvese AC imwe-chikamu uye matatu-chikamu kuchaja ”
Ingori chikamu chimwe chete.Inonyanya kuve J1772 plug-in mune imwe dhizaini ine yakawedzera DC mashandiro.
J1772 (CCS type 1) inogona kutsigira DC, asi handisati ndamboona chero chinhu chinoishandisa.Iyo "mbeu" j1772 protocol ine kukosha kwe "Digital Mode Inodiwa" uye "Type 1 DC" zvinoreva DC paL1 / L2 mapini."Type 2 DC" inoda mapini ekuwedzera kune combo yekubatanidza.
US Tesla connectors haitsigire matatu-phase AC. Vanyori vanovhiringidza US uye European connectors, iyo yekupedzisira (inozivikanwawo seCCS Type 2) inoita.
Pane imwe nyaya inoenderana: Ko mota dzemagetsi dzinotenderwa kurova mugwagwa dzisingabhadhare mutero wemugwagwa here? Kana zvakadaro, nei? Tichifunga (zvisingabvumike zvachose) utopia yezvemamiriro ekunze uko inopfuura 90% yemotokari dzese dzine magetsi, mutero uchachengeta mugwagwa kupi. kuenda kunobvepi?Unogona kuwedzera izvozvo kumutengo wekuchaja veruzhinji, asi vanhu vanogonawo kushandisa solar panels kumba, kana kunyange 'zvekurima' majenareta edhiziri (hapana mutero wemugwagwa).
Zvese zvinoenderana nekutonga.Dzimwe nzvimbo dzinochaja mutero wemafuta chete.Dzimwe dzinobhadharisa mari yekunyoresa mota semafuta ekufambisa.
Pane imwe nguva, dzimwe nzira dzinodzoserwa mari idzi dzinoda kuchinja.Ndinoda kuona hurongwa hwakanaka apo mubhadharo unobva pamakiromita uye uremu hwemotokari sezvo iyo inosarudza kuti yakawanda sei kupfeka uye kubvarura kwaunoisa mumugwagwa. .A kabhoni mutero pamafuta inogona kunyanya kufanira yekutamba.
Nguva yekutumira: Jun-21-2022
