NaFinn Peacock – Chartered Electrical Engineer, aimbova muridzi weCSIRO, muridzi weEV, muvambi weSolarQuotes.com.au
Ungave uri kufunga kutenga mota yemagetsi, wakamirira kutumirwa, kana kutyaira mota yemagetsi, kuziva kuti vanobhadharisa sei (uye sei) chikamu chakakosha chekuva muridzi wayo.
Mugwaro rino, ndichakurukura nezvesimba (kW) nesimba (kWh). Kuziva musiyano kwakakosha! Vanhu vanosanganisa izvi nguva dzese - kunyangwe vanogadzira magetsi vanofanira kunge vachiziva zviri nani.
Mota yepeturu yakajairika inowana makiromita gumi kubva pa1 litre yemafuta. Mota yemagetsi yakajairika inowana makiromita matanhatu kubva pa1 kWh yemagetsi.
Kana mota ichishandisa peturu, unoda marita gumi emafuta kuti ufambe makiromita zana. Pamutengo we $1.40 pa litre yemafuta, 10 x $1.40 = $14 pamakiromita zana.
Cherechedza: Peturu inodarika $2 pa litre panguva yekunyora uku - asi ndichaenderera mberi ne $1.40 kuratidza kuti mota dzemagetsi dzakachipa zvikuru, kunyangwe mutongi wekuRussia asina kuwedzeredza mitengo yemafuta.
Mumotokari yemagetsi, magetsi anosvika 16 kWh anodiwa kuti ufambe makiromita zana. Kana mutengesi wemagetsi wako achibhadharisa masendi makumi maviri nerimwe pa kWh, mutengo wacho 16 x $0.21 = $3.36.
Mota dzemagetsi hadzidhuri zvakanyanya kana ukafunga nezvekuchaja uchishandisa solar panels kana kuchaja nemitengo isiri yepamusoro zvichienderana nemitengo yenguva yekushandisa (ToU). Ngatitarisei mamwe manhamba kuti tiratidze:
Kana uine bhiri remagetsi re21c uye muripo wemagetsi ezuva we8c, mutengo wekuchaja mota nesimba rezuva i8c. Izvi zvakachipa ne13c pa kWh pane kuchaja mota yemagetsi kubva pagrid.
Mari yemagetsi inobhadhariswa mitengo yakasiyana zvichienderana nenguva yaunowana kubva pagrid.
Enzanisa mitengo yemagetsi yakasiyana yeAurora Energy Tasmania panguva dzakasiyana dzezuva:
Kana ukaisa charger yako yemagetsi kuti ishande chete pachirongwa ichi cheToU neAurora kubva na10am kusvika na4pm, 100km yedaro ichakudhura 16 x $0.15 = $2.40.
Remangwana rehurongwa hwemagetsi muAustralia nderekuti magetsi anoshandiswa nenguva, magetsi akachipa masikati (anoshandiswa nesimba rezuva rakawanda) uye husiku (kazhinji kacho mhepo yakawanda uye kudiwa kushoma).
MuSouth Australia, unobhadhariswa masendi 7.5 pa kilowatt-awa yezuva panguva yekushandiswa kwesimba rinopa "solar sponge".
Vamwe vatengesi vanopawo mitengo yemagetsi yakakosha kwaunogona kubhadhara mutengo wakaderera pa-kWh kuti uchajise mota yako yemagetsi panguva dzakatarwa, kana mutengo wakaenzana wezuva nezuva wekuchaja usingaperi.
Chinhu chekupedzisira - chenjerera "mari yekuda". Mapurani aya emagetsi anokubhadharisa bhiri remagetsi rakaderera, asi anogona kukupinza mumatambudziko makuru kana kushandiswa kwemagetsi ako kukadarika mwero wakati. Kuchaja EV yako nechaja ye3-phase 22 kW kunogona kureva kuti unobhadhara bhiri remagetsi rakapetwa kagumi!
Chaja yemagetsi yemagetsi chinhu chiri nyore kwazvo. Basa rayo nderekungobvunza mota kana ichikwanisa kugamuchira chaji, uye kana zvakadaro, isa simba rakachengeteka kumotokari kusvika yaudzwa kuti imire.
Chaja yemagetsi haigone kumhanyisa mota nekukurumidza kupfuura zvayakumbirwa nemota (izvo zvine njodzi), asi kana uine uchenjeri, inogona kusarudza kunonoka kuchaja kana zvichienderana nezvimwe zvinhu - semuenzaniso:
Macharger emagetsi ekumba anewo AC. Izvi zvinoreva kuti haana kuita chero chinhu chakakosha. Anongodzora makilowatts e230V AC achipinda mumota.
Kutaura zvazviri, bhokisi remagetsi raunogona kutenga kuti uchajise mota yako harisi rekuchaja. Nekuti rinongopa simba reAC rinodzorwa. Panyaya yehunyanzvi, charger chaiyo iri mumota, ichishandura AC kuita DC uye ichitarisira mamwe mabasa ese ekuchaja.
Chaja iyi yemagetsi iri mubhodhi ine muganho wesimba rakaoma pakuchinja kwayo kweAC-DC. Makirowatts gumi nerimwe ndiwo muganho wemotokari zhinji dzemagetsi - dzakadai seTesla Model 3 neMini Cooper SE.
Kubvuma kwevane njere: Ndinofanira kudana mudziyo waunoisa mumota yako kuti EVSE (Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment). Asi izvozvo zvinovhiringidza vanhuwo zvavo, saka kana ndikawana email kubva kune mainjiniya akarega basa, ndinoti michina iyi "chargers."
Macharger emagetsi epamusoro-soro akagadzirirwa vanhu vose, ndiwo macharger anoisa simba reDC zvakananga mubhatiri. Haagumirwi necharger yemota nekuti haaishandise.
Kana mota yako ichigona kuibata, mota idzi dzinogona kuchaja nemagetsi anosvika 350 kW eDC. Ziva kuti dzinofanira kudzikisa kumhanya zvakanyanya kana bhatiri rako rasvika pa70%. Kunyange zvakadaro, dzinogona kuwedzera makiromita mazana matatu nemakumi mashanu mumaminitsi gumi chete.
Indasitiri iyi yakashandisa mazwi ekutsanangura kuchaja zvishoma nezvishoma, pakati nepakati uye nekukurumidza. Zvinofinha, zvinonzi kuchaja Level 1, Level 2, uye Level 3.
Chaja ye level 1 ingori tambo ne power brick zvinongobatanidzwa kune power point yakajairwa. Zvinochaja pa 1.8 kusvika 2.4 kW kubva pa socket yakajairwa yemumba.
Zano renyanzvi: Kana kambani yako yekugadzira mota isina nharembozha yekubatanidza mota yako, iva nechokwadi chekuti watenga imwe woichengeta mubhegi - inogona kukubatsira kuchengetedza zuva rese rebhekoni kunyangwe usingamboishandisi kumba.
Kuti tiratidze zvinorehwa neLevel 1 charge rate ye1.8 kW - ichawedzera 1.8 kWh paawa kubhatiri remota yako.
Simba re1 kWh mubhatiri reEV rakaenzana nemakiromita matanhatu ekufambisa. Saka, charger ye level 1 inogona kupa huwandu hwemakiromita gumi paawa. Kana ukachaja mota husiku hwese (anenge maawa masere), unowedzera huwandu hwemakiromita makumi masere.
Asi level 1 inogona kuchaja nekukurumidza. Zvichienderana nemugadziri, mudziyo wako unogona kunge uine mapulagi anochinjika.
Macharger ese emagetsi anotakurika anouya nemaplugs e10A akajairika, sezvinoitwa mimwe midziyo yese mumba mako, asi mamwe anouyawo nemaplugs e15A anochinjika. Izvi zvine prong yakafara uye zvinoda soketi yakakosha inogona kubata waya dzakakora pa15A. Kana uine karavhani, pamwe unoiziva.
Mamwe machaja efoni ane "muswe" we15A. Aya ndiwo magumo emuswe we10A ne15A anouya nechaja yeTesla mobile muAustralia.
Kana charger yako inotakurika iri 15A kumagumo uye uchida kuchaja uri kumba, uchada nzvimbo yekubuda ye15A munzvimbo yaunogara. Tarisira kubhadhara mari inosvika $500 yekuisa iyi.
Chokwadi cheNerd: Kana voltage yegrid yako iri pamusoro (inofanira kunge iri 230V, asi kazhinji 240V+), uchawana simba rakawanda nekuti simba = current x voltage.
Chokwadi chebhonasi: Zvichienderana nemugadziri, machaja efoni anowanzo ganhurira kusvika ku80% yemagetsi awo akayerwa. Saka charger ye10A inogona kushanda chete pa8A, uye mudziyo we15A unogona kushanda chete pa12A. Pamwe chete nekuchinja-chinja kwemagetsi egrid, zvaireva kuti handikwanise kupa kumhanya kwakarurama kwekuchaja kweEV kune mobile connector.
Chokwadi cheTesla Nerd: Macharger eTesla anotumirwa mushure meMbudzi 2021 anogona kuchaja pa10A yakazara kana 15A, zvichienderana nemuswe washandiswa.
Zano renyanzvi: Kana uine Tesla ichangoburwa uye uine rombo rakanaka rekuva negoho remagetsi mugaraji, unogona kutenga mota yechitatu inogona kuchaja pa4.8 kusvika 7kW (20 kusvika 32A) uchishandisa nharembozha.
Kumhanya kwekuchaja: Inenge 40 km/h (chikamu chimwe chete) kana kusvika 130 km/h (chikamu chetatu)
Kuchaja kweLevel 2 kunoda charger yakatsaurirwa pamadziro ine waya yayo yakatsaurirwa kudzokera kupower strip yako.
Macharger eLevel 2 anodhura $900 kusvika $2500 pamidziyo yemagetsi uye angangoita $500 kusvika $1000 pakuisa. Mutengo uyu unofungawo kuti strip yako yemagetsi uye mains inogona kutakura mutoro wakawedzerwa. Kana vasingakwanise, kuvandudza supply yako kunogona kudhura zviuru zvemadhora.
Charger yechikamu chimwe chete ye7 kW Level 2 inogona kuwedzera makiromita angangoita makumi mana paawa imwe chete. Kana mota yako ichikwanisa kuigadzirisa, charger yemagetsi ye22 kW EV yechikamu chetatu inowedzera makiromita angangoita zana nemakumi matatu paawa imwe chete.
Chokwadi Chechokwadi: Kunyange hazvo machaja emhando yechitatu-phase, level-2 achigona kuburitsa simba rinosvika 22 kW, mota zhinji hadzigone kushandura simba reAC nekukurumidza kudaro. Tarisa magadzirirwo emota yako kuti uone mwero wayo wepamusoro wekuchaja AC.
Chaja iyi ine simba reDC zvachose uye ine simba remagetsi rinobva pa50 kW kusvika 350 kW. Inodhura mari inodarika $100,000 kuisa uye inoda simba guru remagetsi, saka hazvingamboiti kuti uise imwe mumba mako.
Network yeTesla yeSupercharger ndiyo muenzaniso unozivikanwa zvikuru wechaja yeLevel 3. Supercharger inowanzo shandiswa ye "V2″ ine simba guru re120 kW uye inogona kufamba makiromita zana nemakumi masere mumaminitsi gumi nemashanu.
Network yezviteshi zveSupercharger zveTesla zvinovapa mukana wekukwikwidzana kupfuura vamwe vagadziri vemagetsi nekuda kwenzvimbo yavo panzira dzekufambisa dzakakurumbira, kuvimbika/nguva yekushanda, uye huwandu hwayo hwakakura zvichienzaniswa nedzimwe chargers dzeLevel 3.
Zvisinei, sezvo mota dzemagetsi dzichiwedzera kuwanda, mamwe ma network anokwikwidzana anotarisirwa kubuda munyika yese uye kuvandudza kuvimbika kwawo.
Chokwadi cheTesla Nerd: Ma "V2" Tesla Superchargers ekuAustralia anochaja nekukurumidza, anowanzo chaja pa40-100 kW, zvichienderana nekuti ingani dzimwe mota dziri kuashandisa panguva imwe chete. Ma "V3" superchargers mashoma akagadziridzwa muAustralia anogona kuchaja kusvika ku250 kW.
Zano renyanzvi: Chenjerera macharger eAC anononoka pakufamba mumugwagwa. Mamwe macharger emugwagwa ane AC inononoka anogona kungochaja kubva pa3 kusvika ku22 kW chete. Izvi zvinogona kuwedzera mari kana wapaka mota, asi hazvikurumidzi kushaja zviri nyore uri munzira.
Mota dzese dzemagetsi dzinotengeswa muAustralia kubva musi wa1 Ndira 2020 dzine soketi yekuchaja yeAC inonzi 'Type 2' (kana dzimwe nguva 'Mennekes').
Nguva yekutumira: Nyamavhuvhu-02-2022
